\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 - \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/title>\r\n <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tailwindcss.com\"><\/script>\r\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Cairo:wght@300;400;500;600;700;800&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n <style>\r\n body {\r\n background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #312e81, #5b21b6);\r\n font-family: 'Cairo', sans-serif;\r\n color: #f1f5f9;\r\n min-height: 100vh;\r\n padding: 2rem;\r\n }\r\n .content-container {\r\n max-width: 96rem; \/* \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 96rem *\/\r\n margin: 0 auto;\r\n background-color: rgba(30, 27, 75, 0.6);\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(12px);\r\n border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);\r\n border-radius: 1rem;\r\n padding: 2rem;\r\n box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);\r\n }\r\n ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 8px; }\r\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: #1e1b4b; }\r\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #4f46e5; border-radius: 4px; }\r\n .simulation-container {\r\n margin: 2rem 0;\r\n padding: 1.5rem;\r\n background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);\r\n border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);\r\n border-radius: 0.75rem;\r\n }\r\n input[type=\"range\"] {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n background: #1e293b;\r\n height: 4px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n }\r\n input[type=\"range\"]:focus {\r\n outline: none;\r\n }\r\n input[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 16px;\r\n height: 16px;\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n background: #f59e0b;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: none;\r\n }\r\n button {\r\n transition: all 0.2s ease;\r\n }\r\n .btn-primary {\r\n background-color: #4f46e5;\r\n }\r\n .btn-primary:hover {\r\n background-color: #6366f1;\r\n }\r\n canvas, svg {\r\n display: block;\r\n margin: 0 auto;\r\n border-radius: 0.75rem;\r\n }\r\n @keyframes dash {\r\n to { stroke-dashoffset: -14; }\r\n }\r\n .animated-dash {\r\n animation: dash 1s linear infinite;\r\n }\r\n .wire-flow {\r\n stroke-dasharray: 4 8;\r\n animation: flow 1s linear infinite;\r\n }\r\n @keyframes flow {\r\n 0% { stroke-dashoffset: 12; }\r\n 100% { stroke-dashoffset: 0; }\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <div class=\"content-container\">\r\n \r\n <div style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1); padding-bottom: 1rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h1 class=\"text-3xl font-bold text-white mb-2\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h1>\r\n <p class=\"text-indigo-300\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2); padding: 0.5rem 1rem; border-radius: 9999px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-end;\">\r\n <span style=\"font-size: 0.625rem; color: #a5b4fc; line-height: 1;\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/span>\r\n <span style=\"font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: bold; color: white; line-height: 1;\">\u0623. \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0637\u0631<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 2rem; height: 2rem; border-radius: 9999px; background-color: rgba(79, 70, 229, 0.2); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\r\n <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke=\"currentColor\" style=\"width: 1.25rem; height: 1.25rem; color: #a5b4fc;\">\r\n <path stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.26 10.147a60.436 60.436 0 00-.491 6.347A48.627 48.627 0 0112 20.904a48.627 48.627 0 018.232-4.41 60.46 60.46 0 00-.491-6.347m-15.482 0a50.57 50.57 0 00-2.658-.813A59.905 59.905 0 0112 3.493a59.902 59.902 0 0110.399 5.84c-.896.248-1.783.52-2.658.814m-15.482 0l-3.32-2.217A59.902 59.902 0 0112 3.493a59.902 59.902 0 0110.399 5.84l-3.32 2.217m-1.488-3.322a48.627 48.627 0 01-8.232 4.41\" \/>\r\n <\/svg>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"mt-4 w-full\">\r\n <audio controls class=\"w-full h-10\">\r\n <source src=\"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633_\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b__\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a_\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627_\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641_audio.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\r\n <source src=\"audio\/lesson_gas_state.ogg\" type=\"audio\/ogg\">\r\n \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633_\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b__\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a_\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627_\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641_audio.mp3\" class=\"text-indigo-300 underline\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a<\/a>.\r\n <\/audio>\r\n <span class=\"text-xs text-indigo-300\">\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 (\u0635\u0648\u062a)<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div dir=\"rtl\" class=\"font-sans text-slate-100 space-y-12 leading-relaxed mx-auto pb-20\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\">\r\n \r\n <header class=\"bg-gradient-to-br from-indigo-900 to-slate-900 border border-indigo-700\/50 rounded-3xl p-8 shadow-2xl relative overflow-hidden\">\r\n <div class=\"absolute top-0 right-0 w-full h-full opacity-10\" style=\"background-image: radial-gradient(circle at center, #6366f1 1px, transparent 1px); background-size: 20px 20px;\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"relative z-10\">\r\n <h2 class=\"text-3xl md:text-4xl font-extrabold text-transparent bg-clip-text bg-gradient-to-r from-amber-400 to-yellow-200 mb-4\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h2>\r\n <p class=\"text-lg text-indigo-200\/80 font-light italic\">Combining Resistors and Kirchhoff\u2019s Rules<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/header>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/50 p-6 rounded-2xl border-r-4 border-amber-500 shadow-lg\">\r\n <p class=\"text-slate-300 leading-relaxed text-lg\"><strong class=\"text-amber-400\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 (\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u064f\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629) \u0641\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629) \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-2 border-b-2 border-blue-500\/30 pb-2\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-blue-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (Combining Resistors)<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><h4 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-cyan-300 mb-2\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a (Series Connection)<\/h4>\r\n <ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 space-y-2 text-l leading-relaxed\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 I:<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li><li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a V<sub>T<\/sub>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a: <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 inline-block px-1\" dir=\"ltr\">V<sub>T<\/sub> = V<sub>1<\/sub> + V<sub>2<\/sub> + V<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (R<sub>eq<\/sub>):<\/strong><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center my-2 font-mono text-emerald-300 text-lg border border-white\/5\" dir=\"ltr\">R<sub>eq<\/sub> = R<sub>1<\/sub> + R<sub>2<\/sub> + R<sub>3<\/sub> + ...<\/div><span class=\"text-l text-slate-400 block mt-1\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0628:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629) \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"bg-indigo-900\/30 p-4 rounded-xl border border-indigo-500\/20 mt-4\"><strong class=\"text-indigo-300 block mb-2 text-l\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 9 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635 162):<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-400 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200\">R<sub>1<\/sub>=3\u03a9, R<sub>2<\/sub>=3\u03a9, R<sub>3<\/sub>=6\u03a9<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5=6V<\/span> (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0644\u0629):<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 3 + 3 + 6 = 12 \u03a9<\/div><div>I = \u03b5 \/ R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6 \/ 12 = 0.5 A<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><h4 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-emerald-300 mb-2\">2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a (Parallel Connection)<\/h4>\r\n <ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 space-y-2 text-l leading-relaxed\"><li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f V<sub>T<\/sub>:<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a I<sub>T<\/sub>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629: <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 inline-block px-1\" dir=\"ltr\">I<sub>T<\/sub> = I<sub>1<\/sub> + I<sub>2<\/sub> + I<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (R<sub>eq<\/sub>):<\/strong><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center my-2 font-mono text-cyan-300 text-lg border border-white\/5\" dir=\"ltr\">1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 1\/R<sub>1<\/sub> + 1\/R<sub>2<\/sub> + 1\/R<sub>3<\/sub> + ...<\/div><span class=\"text-l text-slate-400 block mt-1\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"bg-indigo-900\/30 p-4 rounded-xl border border-indigo-500\/20 mt-4\"><strong class=\"text-indigo-300 block mb-2 text-l\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 10 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635 164):<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-400 mb-2\">\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-emerald-200\">3\u03a9, 3\u03a9, 6\u03a9<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5=6V<\/span>:<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 1\/3 + 1\/3 + 1\/6<\/div><div>1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 2\/6 + 2\/6 + 1\/6 = 5\/6 \u03a9\u207b\u00b9<\/div><div>R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6\/5 = 1.2 \u03a9<\/div><div class=\"mt-2\">I = \u03b5 \/ R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6 \/ 1.2 = 5 A<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 mt-6\"><h4 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-amber-300 mb-4\">3. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (Mixed Series-Parallel)<\/h4><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l mb-4\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629: \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\r\n <div class=\"bg-black\/20 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\/50 mb-6\"><strong class=\"text-amber-200 block mb-2 text-l\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 11 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635 164-165):<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200\">R<sub>1<\/sub>=4\u03a9, R<sub>2<\/sub>=6\u03a9, R<sub>3<\/sub>=4\u03a9<\/span> \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5=16V<\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 R<sub>1<\/sub> \u0648 R<sub>3<\/sub> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a:<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-emerald-200 space-y-1 bg-black\/40 p-3 rounded-lg mb-3\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>1\/R<sub>13<\/sub> = 1\/4 + 1\/4 = 2\/4 = 1\/2<\/div><div>R<sub>13<\/sub> = 2 \u03a9<\/div><\/div><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 R<sub>2<\/sub>=6\u03a9 \u0645\u0639 R<sub>13<\/sub>=2\u03a9 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 space-y-1 bg-black\/40 p-3 rounded-lg\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6 + 2 = 8 \u03a9<\/div><div>I = 16 \/ 8 = 2 A<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n \r\n \r\n <div class=\"simulation-container\" id=\"resistors-sim\" style=\"min-height: 500px;\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6 mt-12\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-2 border-b-2 border-purple-500\/30 pb-2\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-purple-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 (Kirchhoff\u2019s Rules)<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><p class=\"text-slate-300 leading-relaxed mb-6\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\r\n <div class=\"bg-purple-900\/20 p-5 rounded-xl border border-purple-500\/20 mb-6\"><h4 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-purple-300 mb-2\">1. \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 - Junction Rule)<\/h4><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l mb-3\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 (\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629) \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center font-mono text-emerald-300 text-lg border border-white\/5 mb-3\" dir=\"ltr\">\u03a3I = 0 <span class=\"text-l text-slate-400 mx-2\">or<\/span> \u03a3I<sub>in<\/sub> = \u03a3I<sub>out<\/sub><\/div><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 text-l space-y-1\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629).<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"bg-pink-900\/20 p-5 rounded-xl border border-pink-500\/20\"><h4 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-pink-300 mb-2\">2. \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 - Loop Rule)<\/h4><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l mb-3\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 (\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center font-mono text-amber-300 text-lg border border-white\/5 mb-3\" dir=\"ltr\">\u03a3\u0394V = 0<\/div><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 text-l space-y-1 mb-4\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"bg-black\/40 p-4 rounded-xl border border-white\/10\"><h5 class=\"font-bold text-white mb-3\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b):<\/h5><div class=\"overflow-x-auto\"><table class=\"w-full text-l text-right text-slate-300\"><thead class=\"text-l text-slate-400 bg-slate-800 uppercase border-b border-slate-700\"><tr><th class=\"px-4 py-3 rounded-r-lg\">\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th><th class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/th><th class=\"px-4 py-3 rounded-l-lg\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0394V<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-800\/50\"><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 R<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 I<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-rose-400\" dir=\"ltr\">- IR<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-800\/50\"><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 R<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 I<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-emerald-400\" dir=\"ltr\">+ IR<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-800\/50\"><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u03b5<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0645\u0639 \u03b5)<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-emerald-400\" dir=\"ltr\">+ \u03b5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u03b5<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u03b5)<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-rose-400\" dir=\"ltr\">- \u03b5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"simulation-container\" id=\"kirchhoff-sim\" style=\"min-height: 500px;\"><\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6 mt-8\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-2 border-b-2 border-rose-500\/30 pb-2\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-rose-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6\"><div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-5 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><strong class=\"text-rose-300 block border-b border-white\/5 pb-2\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 14 (\u0635 168): \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200 text-l\">\u03b5<sub>1<\/sub>=12V, \u03b5<sub>2<\/sub>=8V<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200 text-l\">R<sub>1<\/sub>=8\u03a9, R<sub>2<\/sub>=1\u03a9<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200 text-l\">r=0.5\u03a9<\/span>.<\/p><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-400 text-l space-y-2 mb-3\"><li>\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b I \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631).<\/li><li>\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647).<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 bg-black\/40 p-3 rounded-lg space-y-2\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>+\u03b5<sub>1<\/sub> - Ir<sub>1<\/sub> - IR<sub>2<\/sub> - \u03b5<sub>2<\/sub> - Ir<sub>2<\/sub> - IR<sub>1<\/sub> = 0<\/div><div class=\"text-slate-400 text-l\">12 - 8 - I(0.5 + 1 + 0.5 + 8) = 0<\/div><div>4 - 10I = 0 \u21d2 I = 0.4 A<\/div><\/div><p class=\"text-l text-emerald-400 mt-2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-5 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><strong class=\"text-rose-300 block border-b border-white\/5 pb-2\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 16 (\u0635 169): \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0631\u0649 (\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200 text-l\">r<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>.<\/p><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-400 text-l space-y-2 mb-3\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-200 inline-block px-1\" dir=\"ltr\">I<sub>1<\/sub> = I<sub>2<\/sub> + I<sub>3<\/sub><\/span><\/li><li>\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-200\">I<sub>2<\/sub> = -3 A<\/span> (\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636).<\/li><li>\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-200\">r<sub>3<\/sub> = 1 \u03a9<\/span>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-3\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-emerald-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/50 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><ul class=\"list-disc border-r-2 border-emerald-500\/20 pr-4 space-y-3 leading-relaxed text-l text-slate-300\"><li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (<span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 text-l\" dir=\"ltr\">R<sub>eq<\/sub> = \u03a3R<\/span>). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (<span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 text-l\" dir=\"ltr\">1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = \u03a3(1\/R)<\/span>).<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641:<\/strong> \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629).<ul class=\"list-disc pr-6 mt-2 space-y-2 text-slate-400 text-l\"><li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 (\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629).<\/li><li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 (\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-3\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-amber-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"bg-gradient-to-br from-amber-500\/10 to-orange-500\/5 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-amber-500\/20 space-y-4\"><ul class=\"list-none space-y-3\"><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064e \u062c\u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (<span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 text-l\" dir=\"ltr\">\u03a3R = R<sub>eq<\/sub> + \u03a3r<\/span>).<\/p><\/li><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641\u060c <strong>\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/strong> \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629! \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u061b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <script>\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n \/\/ 1. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (Combining Resistors Simulation)\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n (function() {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('resistors-sim');\r\n if (!container) return;\r\n\r\n const wrapper = document.createElement('div');\r\n wrapper.className = 'w-full bg-slate-900 rounded-2xl p-4 md:p-6 shadow-xl border border-slate-700\/50 flex flex-col items-center select-none my-6';\r\n wrapper.setAttribute('dir', 'rtl');\r\n wrapper.innerHTML = `\r\n <h3 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-white mb-6 border-b border-white\/10 pb-2 w-full text-center\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"flex w-full max-w-lg mb-6 bg-slate-800 p-1 rounded-lg\">\r\n <button id=\"mode-series\" class=\"flex-1 py-2 text-l font-bold rounded-md transition-all bg-cyan-600 text-white shadow-md\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/button>\r\n <button id=\"mode-parallel\" class=\"flex-1 py-2 text-l font-bold rounded-md transition-all text-slate-400 hover:text-white\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/button>\r\n <button id=\"mode-mixed\" class=\"flex-1 py-2 text-l font-bold rounded-md transition-all text-slate-400 hover:text-white\">\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 (\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a)<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row w-full gap-6\">\r\n <div class=\"w-full lg:w-1\/3 bg-slate-800\/50 p-5 rounded-xl border border-slate-700 space-y-4\">\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (V)<\/span><span id=\"voltage-val\" class=\"font-mono text-amber-300\">16 V<\/span><\/div><input id=\"voltage-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"24\" step=\"1\" value=\"16\" class=\"w-full accent-amber-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (R1)<\/span><span id=\"r1-val\" class=\"font-mono text-pink-300\">6 \u03a9<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r1-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"6\" class=\"w-full accent-pink-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (R2)<\/span><span id=\"r2-val\" class=\"font-mono text-indigo-300\">4 \u03a9<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r2-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" class=\"w-full accent-indigo-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (R3)<\/span><span id=\"r3-val\" class=\"font-mono text-cyan-300\">4 \u03a9<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r3-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" class=\"w-full accent-cyan-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"pt-4 border-t border-slate-700 flex justify-center\"><button id=\"toggle-switch\" class=\"w-full py-2 rounded-xl font-bold transition-all duration-300 shadow-lg border flex items-center justify-center gap-2 bg-emerald-500\/20 text-emerald-400 border-emerald-500\/50 hover:bg-emerald-500\/30\">\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/button><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"w-full lg:w-2\/3 flex flex-col gap-6\">\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-950 p-6 rounded-xl border border-slate-800 flex items-center justify-center relative min-h-[300px] overflow-hidden\" id=\"circuit-svg-container\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-4\">\r\n <div class=\"md:col-span-2 bg-slate-800\/80 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700 text-center\"><h5 class=\"text-l font-bold text-slate-400 mb-1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (Req)<\/h5><div id=\"req-val\" class=\"text-2xl font-mono text-emerald-400\">6.00 \u03a9<\/div><div id=\"req-formula\" class=\"text-l text-slate-500 mt-2 font-mono\">Req = R1 + R2 + R3<\/div><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"md:col-span-2 bg-slate-800\/80 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700 text-center\"><h5 class=\"text-l font-bold text-slate-400 mb-1\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (I)<\/h5><div id=\"curr-val\" class=\"text-2xl font-mono text-cyan-400\">2.00 A<\/div><div id=\"curr-formula\" class=\"text-l text-slate-500 mt-2 font-mono\">I = V \/ Req<\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n `;\r\n container.appendChild(wrapper);\r\n\r\n let mode = 'series'; \/\/ 'series', 'parallel', 'mixed'\r\n let voltage = 16, r1 = 6, r2 = 4, r3 = 4;\r\n let isOn = true;\r\n\r\n function compute() {\r\n let req = 0, totalCurrent = 0;\r\n let i1 = 0, i2 = 0, i3 = 0;\r\n let v1 = 0, v2 = 0, v3 = 0;\r\n if (mode === 'series') {\r\n req = r1 + r2 + r3;\r\n totalCurrent = isOn ? voltage \/ req : 0;\r\n i1 = i2 = i3 = totalCurrent;\r\n v1 = i1 * r1; v2 = i2 * r2; v3 = i3 * r3;\r\n } else if (mode === 'parallel') {\r\n const invReq = (1 \/ r1) + (1 \/ r2) + (1 \/ r3);\r\n req = 1 \/ invReq;\r\n totalCurrent = isOn ? voltage \/ req : 0;\r\n v1 = v2 = v3 = isOn ? voltage : 0;\r\n i1 = isOn ? voltage \/ r1 : 0;\r\n i2 = isOn ? voltage \/ r2 : 0;\r\n i3 = isOn ? voltage \/ r3 : 0;\r\n } else { \/\/ mixed: R1 in series with (R2 || R3)\r\n const r23 = (r2 * r3) \/ (r2 + r3);\r\n req = r1 + r23;\r\n totalCurrent = isOn ? voltage \/ req : 0;\r\n i1 = totalCurrent;\r\n v1 = i1 * r1;\r\n v2 = v3 = isOn ? (totalCurrent * r23) : 0;\r\n i2 = isOn ? v2 \/ r2 : 0;\r\n i3 = isOn ? v3 \/ r3 : 0;\r\n }\r\n return { req, totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3 };\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateUI() {\r\n document.getElementById('voltage-val').innerText = voltage + ' V';\r\n document.getElementById('r1-val').innerText = r1 + ' \u03a9';\r\n document.getElementById('r2-val').innerText = r2 + ' \u03a9';\r\n document.getElementById('r3-val').innerText = r3 + ' \u03a9';\r\n const { req, totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3 } = compute();\r\n document.getElementById('req-val').innerHTML = req.toFixed(2) + ' \u03a9';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-val').innerHTML = totalCurrent.toFixed(2) + ' A';\r\n if (mode === 'series') {\r\n document.getElementById('req-formula').innerHTML = 'Req = R1 + R2 + R3';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-formula').innerHTML = 'I = V \/ Req';\r\n } else if (mode === 'parallel') {\r\n document.getElementById('req-formula').innerHTML = '1\/Req = 1\/R1 + 1\/R2 + 1\/R3';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-formula').innerHTML = 'I = V \/ Req';\r\n } else {\r\n document.getElementById('req-formula').innerHTML = 'Req = R1 + (R2||R3)';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-formula').innerHTML = 'I = V \/ Req';\r\n }\r\n drawCircuit(totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawCircuit(totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3) {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('circuit-svg-container');\r\n container.innerHTML = '';\r\n let svg;\r\n if (mode === 'series') {\r\n svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 400 200');\r\n svg.classList.add('w-full', 'h-48', 'max-w-md');\r\n svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\r\n const paths = [\r\n 'M 50,150 L 50,50 L 100,50',\r\n 'M 150,50 L 200,50',\r\n 'M 250,50 L 300,50',\r\n 'M 350,50 L 350,150 L 230,150',\r\n 'M 170,150 L 50,150'\r\n ];\r\n paths.forEach(d => { const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path'); path.setAttribute('d', d); svg.appendChild(path); });\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\r\n const battG = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n battG.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(180, 135)');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '15'); text.setAttribute('y', '45'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${voltage}V`;\r\n battG.appendChild(line1); battG.appendChild(line2); battG.appendChild(line3); battG.appendChild(line4); battG.appendChild(text);\r\n svg.appendChild(battG);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\r\n const resistors = [\r\n { x: 100, y: 50, color: '#f472b6', label: `R1 = ${r1}\u03a9`, v: v1, i: totalCurrent },\r\n { x: 200, y: 50, color: '#818cf8', label: `R2 = ${r2}\u03a9`, v: v2, i: totalCurrent },\r\n { x: 300, y: 50, color: '#22d3ee', label: `R3 = ${r3}\u03a9`, v: v3, i: totalCurrent }\r\n ];\r\n resistors.forEach(res => {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${res.x}, ${res.y})`);\r\n const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke', res.color);\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');\r\n path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const textLabel = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n textLabel.setAttribute('x', '25'); textLabel.setAttribute('y', '-20'); textLabel.setAttribute('fill', res.color); textLabel.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); textLabel.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n textLabel.textContent = res.label;\r\n g.appendChild(path); g.appendChild(textLabel);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const vText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n vText.setAttribute('x', '25'); vText.setAttribute('y', '30'); vText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); vText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); vText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n vText.textContent = `V = ${res.v.toFixed(1)}V`;\r\n g.appendChild(vText);\r\n }\r\n svg.appendChild(g);\r\n });\r\n \/\/ \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const wirePaths = [\r\n 'M 170,150 L 50,150 L 50,50 L 100,50',\r\n 'M 150,50 L 200,50',\r\n 'M 250,50 L 300,50',\r\n 'M 350,50 L 350,150 L 230,150'\r\n ];\r\n wirePaths.forEach(d => {\r\n const wire = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n wire.setAttribute('d', d);\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke', '#fbbf24');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n wire.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8');\r\n wire.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(wire);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n } \r\n else if (mode === 'parallel') {\r\n svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 400 240');\r\n svg.classList.add('w-full', 'h-56', 'max-w-md');\r\n svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n const paths = [\r\n 'M 100,50 L 100,190',\r\n 'M 100,190 L 170,190',\r\n 'M 300,50 L 300,190',\r\n 'M 230,190 L 300,190'\r\n ];\r\n paths.forEach(d => { const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path'); path.setAttribute('d', d); svg.appendChild(path); });\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\r\n const battG = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n battG.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(180, 175)');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '15'); text.setAttribute('y', '45'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${voltage}V`;\r\n battG.appendChild(line1); battG.appendChild(line2); battG.appendChild(line3); battG.appendChild(line4); battG.appendChild(text);\r\n svg.appendChild(battG);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\r\n const resistors = [\r\n { x: 175, y: 50, color: '#f472b6', label: `R1 = ${r1}\u03a9`, i: i1 },\r\n { x: 175, y: 100, color: '#818cf8', label: `R2 = ${r2}\u03a9`, i: i2 },\r\n { x: 175, y: 150, color: '#22d3ee', label: `R3 = ${r3}\u03a9`, i: i3 }\r\n ];\r\n resistors.forEach(res => {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${res.x}, ${res.y})`);\r\n const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M -75,0 L 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0 L 125,0');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke', res.color);\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');\r\n path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const textLabel = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n textLabel.setAttribute('x', '25'); textLabel.setAttribute('y', '-20'); textLabel.setAttribute('fill', res.color); textLabel.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); textLabel.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n textLabel.textContent = res.label;\r\n g.appendChild(path); g.appendChild(textLabel);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n iText.setAttribute('x', '25'); iText.setAttribute('y', '25'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n iText.textContent = `I = ${res.i.toFixed(2)}A`;\r\n g.appendChild(iText);\r\n }\r\n svg.appendChild(g);\r\n });\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const wirePaths = [\r\n 'M 170,190 L 100,190 L 100,150',\r\n 'M 100,150 L 175,150',\r\n 'M 100,150 L 100,100',\r\n 'M 100,100 L 175,100',\r\n 'M 100,100 L 100,50 L 175,50',\r\n 'M 225,50 L 300,50 L 300,100',\r\n 'M 225,100 L 300,100',\r\n 'M 300,100 L 300,150',\r\n 'M 225,150 L 300,150',\r\n 'M 300,150 L 300,190 L 230,190'\r\n ];\r\n wirePaths.forEach(d => {\r\n const wire = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n wire.setAttribute('d', d);\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke', '#fbbf24');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n wire.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8');\r\n wire.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(wire);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n else { \/\/ mixed\r\n svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 450 250');\r\n svg.classList.add('w-full', 'h-64', 'max-w-md');\r\n svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n const paths = [\r\n 'M 50,200 L 50,100 L 100,100',\r\n 'M 150,100 L 200,100',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,50 L 250,50',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,150 L 250,150',\r\n 'M 300,50 L 350,50 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 300,150 L 350,150 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 350,100 L 400,100 L 400,200 L 280,200',\r\n 'M 220,200 L 50,200'\r\n ];\r\n paths.forEach(d => { const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path'); path.setAttribute('d', d); svg.appendChild(path); });\r\n \/\/ nodes\r\n const nodeA = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle'); nodeA.setAttribute('cx', '200'); nodeA.setAttribute('cy', '100'); nodeA.setAttribute('r', '5'); nodeA.setAttribute('fill', '#94a3b8');\r\n const nodeB = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle'); nodeB.setAttribute('cx', '350'); nodeB.setAttribute('cy', '100'); nodeB.setAttribute('r', '5'); nodeB.setAttribute('fill', '#94a3b8');\r\n svg.appendChild(nodeA); svg.appendChild(nodeB);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\r\n const battG = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n battG.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(230, 185)');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '15'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '15'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '45'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '45'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '22'); text.setAttribute('y', '50'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '14'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${voltage}V`;\r\n battG.appendChild(line1); battG.appendChild(line2); battG.appendChild(line3); battG.appendChild(line4); battG.appendChild(text);\r\n svg.appendChild(battG);\r\n \/\/ R1\r\n const r1g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n r1g.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(100, 100)');\r\n const r1path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n r1path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n r1path.setAttribute('stroke', '#f472b6'); r1path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); r1path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const r1text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); r1text.setAttribute('x', '25'); r1text.setAttribute('y', '-20'); r1text.setAttribute('fill', '#f472b6'); r1text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); r1text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); r1text.textContent = `R1 = ${r1}\u03a9`;\r\n r1g.appendChild(r1path); r1g.appendChild(r1text);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) { const vText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); vText.setAttribute('x', '25'); vText.setAttribute('y', '30'); vText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); vText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); vText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); vText.textContent = `V1 = ${v1.toFixed(1)}V`; r1g.appendChild(vText); }\r\n svg.appendChild(r1g);\r\n \/\/ R2\r\n const r2g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n r2g.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(250, 50)');\r\n const r2path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n r2path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n r2path.setAttribute('stroke', '#818cf8'); r2path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); r2path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const r2text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); r2text.setAttribute('x', '25'); r2text.setAttribute('y', '-20'); r2text.setAttribute('fill', '#818cf8'); r2text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); r2text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); r2text.textContent = `R2 = ${r2}\u03a9`;\r\n r2g.appendChild(r2path); r2g.appendChild(r2text);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) { const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); iText.setAttribute('x', '25'); iText.setAttribute('y', '30'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); iText.textContent = `I2 = ${i2.toFixed(2)}A`; r2g.appendChild(iText); }\r\n svg.appendChild(r2g);\r\n \/\/ R3\r\n const r3g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n r3g.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(250, 150)');\r\n const r3path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n r3path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n r3path.setAttribute('stroke', '#22d3ee'); r3path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); r3path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const r3text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); r3text.setAttribute('x', '25'); r3text.setAttribute('y', '-20'); r3text.setAttribute('fill', '#22d3ee'); r3text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); r3text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); r3text.textContent = `R3 = ${r3}\u03a9`;\r\n r3g.appendChild(r3path); r3g.appendChild(r3text);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) { const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); iText.setAttribute('x', '25'); iText.setAttribute('y', '30'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); iText.textContent = `I3 = ${i3.toFixed(2)}A`; r3g.appendChild(iText); }\r\n svg.appendChild(r3g);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const wirePaths = [\r\n 'M 220,200 L 50,200 L 50,100 L 100,100',\r\n 'M 150,100 L 200,100',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,50 L 250,50',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,150 L 250,150',\r\n 'M 300,50 L 350,50 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 300,150 L 350,150 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 350,100 L 400,100 L 400,200 L 280,200'\r\n ];\r\n wirePaths.forEach(d => {\r\n const wire = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n wire.setAttribute('d', d);\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke', '#fbbf24');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n wire.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8');\r\n wire.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(wire);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n container.appendChild(svg);\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/\/ \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\r\n const seriesBtn = document.getElementById('mode-series');\r\n const parallelBtn = document.getElementById('mode-parallel');\r\n const mixedBtn = document.getElementById('mode-mixed');\r\n seriesBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { mode = 'series'; updateActiveButtons('series'); updateUI(); });\r\n parallelBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { mode = 'parallel'; updateActiveButtons('parallel'); updateUI(); });\r\n mixedBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { mode = 'mixed'; updateActiveButtons('mixed'); updateUI(); });\r\n function updateActiveButtons(active) {\r\n [seriesBtn, parallelBtn, mixedBtn].forEach(btn => btn.classList.remove('bg-cyan-600', 'bg-emerald-600', 'bg-purple-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'));\r\n seriesBtn.classList.add('text-slate-400'); parallelBtn.classList.add('text-slate-400'); mixedBtn.classList.add('text-slate-400');\r\n if (active === 'series') { seriesBtn.classList.add('bg-cyan-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'); }\r\n else if (active === 'parallel') { parallelBtn.classList.add('bg-emerald-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'); }\r\n else { mixedBtn.classList.add('bg-purple-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'); }\r\n }\r\n document.getElementById('voltage-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { voltage = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n document.getElementById('r1-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { r1 = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n document.getElementById('r2-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { r2 = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n document.getElementById('r3-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { r3 = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n const toggleBtn = document.getElementById('toggle-switch');\r\n toggleBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {\r\n isOn = !isOn;\r\n if (isOn) { toggleBtn.innerHTML = '\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629'; toggleBtn.classList.remove('bg-rose-500\/20', 'text-rose-400', 'border-rose-500\/50'); toggleBtn.classList.add('bg-emerald-500\/20', 'text-emerald-400', 'border-emerald-500\/50'); }\r\n else { toggleBtn.innerHTML = '\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629'; toggleBtn.classList.remove('bg-emerald-500\/20', 'text-emerald-400', 'border-emerald-500\/50'); toggleBtn.classList.add('bg-rose-500\/20', 'text-rose-400', 'border-rose-500\/50'); }\r\n updateUI();\r\n });\r\n updateUI();\r\n })();\r\n\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n \/\/ 2. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 (Kirchhoff Simulation)\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n (function() {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('kirchhoff-sim');\r\n if (!container) return;\r\n\r\n const wrapper = document.createElement('div');\r\n wrapper.className = 'bg-slate-800 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-slate-700 shadow-xl my-6';\r\n wrapper.setAttribute('dir', 'rtl');\r\n wrapper.innerHTML = `\r\n <h3 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-white mb-4 flex items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"w-6 h-6 rounded-full bg-cyan-500 flex items-center justify-center text-l\">V<\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-2 gap-6\">\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-900 rounded-xl p-4 flex justify-center items-center relative overflow-hidden border border-slate-700\" id=\"kirchhoff-svg-container\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"space-y-6\">\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-900\/50 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\"><h4 class=\"text-cyan-300 font-bold mb-4\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (V)<\/h4><div class=\"space-y-4\"><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>V\u2081 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631)<\/span><span id=\"v1-val\" class=\"font-mono text-cyan-300\">12 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span><\/div><input id=\"v1-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"24\" step=\"1\" value=\"12\" class=\"w-full accent-cyan-500\"><\/div><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>V\u2082 (\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646)<\/span><span id=\"v2-val\" class=\"font-mono text-cyan-300\">8 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span><\/div><input id=\"v2-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"24\" step=\"1\" value=\"8\" class=\"w-full accent-cyan-500\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-900\/50 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\"><h4 class=\"text-purple-300 font-bold mb-4\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u03a9)<\/h4><div class=\"space-y-4\"><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span class=\"text-purple-400\">R\u2081 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631)<\/span><span id=\"r1-val2\" class=\"font-mono text-purple-400\">4 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r1-slider2\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" class=\"w-full accent-purple-500\"><\/div><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span class=\"text-emerald-400\">R\u2082 (\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646)<\/span><span id=\"r2-val2\" class=\"font-mono text-emerald-400\">2 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r2-slider2\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"2\" class=\"w-full accent-emerald-500\"><\/div><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span class=\"text-pink-400\">R\u2083 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637)<\/span><span id=\"r3-val2\" class=\"font-mono text-pink-400\">6 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r3-slider2\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"6\" class=\"w-full accent-pink-500\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"mt-6 bg-slate-900\/80 p-5 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\"><h4 class=\"font-bold text-white mb-3\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641):<\/h4><div class=\"overflow-x-auto\"><table class=\"w-full text-l text-center text-slate-300 border-collapse\"><thead><tr class=\"bg-slate-800 border-b border-slate-700\"><th class=\"p-2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/th><th class=\"p-2\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631)<\/th><th class=\"p-2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-700\/50\"><td class=\"p-2 font-mono text-blue-300\">I\u2081<\/td><td id=\"i1-val\" class=\"p-2\">0.000 A<\/td><td id=\"i1-dir\" class=\"p-2 text-l\">-<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-700\/50\"><td class=\"p-2 font-mono text-amber-300\">I\u2082<\/td><td id=\"i2-val\" class=\"p-2\">0.000 A<\/td><td id=\"i2-dir\" class=\"p-2 text-l\">-<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"p-2 font-mono text-white\">I\u2083 = I\u2081 + I\u2082<\/td><td id=\"i3-val\" class=\"p-2\">0.000 A<\/td><td id=\"i3-dir\" class=\"p-2 text-l\">-<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>\r\n `;\r\n container.appendChild(wrapper);\r\n\r\n let V1 = 12, V2 = 8, R1 = 4, R2 = 2, R3 = 6;\r\n\r\n function computeKirchhoff() {\r\n const det = R1 * R2 + R1 * R3 + R2 * R3;\r\n const I1 = (V1 * (R2 + R3) - V2 * R3) \/ det;\r\n const I2 = (V2 * (R1 + R3) - V1 * R3) \/ det;\r\n const I3 = I1 + I2;\r\n return { I1, I2, I3 };\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawKirchhoff(I1, I2, I3) {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('kirchhoff-svg-container');\r\n container.innerHTML = '';\r\n const svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 400 300');\r\n svg.setAttribute('class', 'w-full max-w-full h-auto');\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\r\n const wires = [\r\n 'M 50 250 L 50 170', 'M 50 130 L 50 50 L 100 50',\r\n 'M 170 50 L 200 50 L 200 110', 'M 200 180 L 200 250 L 50 250',\r\n 'M 350 250 L 350 170', 'M 350 130 L 350 50 L 300 50',\r\n 'M 230 50 L 200 50', 'M 200 250 L 350 250'\r\n ];\r\n wires.forEach(d => {\r\n const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', d); path.setAttribute('stroke', 'white'); path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2'); path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.appendChild(path);\r\n });\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\r\n const batt1 = createBatterySVG(50, 150, V1, 'V\u2081');\r\n const batt2 = createBatterySVG(350, 150, V2, 'V\u2082');\r\n svg.appendChild(batt1); svg.appendChild(batt2);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\r\n const res1 = createResistorSVG(100, 50, '#a78bfa', `R\u2081 = ${R1}\u03a9`, I1, I1 !== 0);\r\n const res2 = createResistorSVG(230, 50, '#34d399', `R\u2082 = ${R2}\u03a9`, I2, I2 !== 0);\r\n const res3 = createResistorSVG(200, 110, '#f472b6', `R\u2083 = ${R3}\u03a9`, I3, I3 !== 0, false);\r\n svg.appendChild(res1); svg.appendChild(res2); svg.appendChild(res3);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\r\n const node1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle');\r\n node1.setAttribute('cx', '200'); node1.setAttribute('cy', '50'); node1.setAttribute('r', '4'); node1.setAttribute('fill', 'yellow');\r\n const node2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle');\r\n node2.setAttribute('cx', '200'); node2.setAttribute('cy', '250'); node2.setAttribute('r', '4'); node2.setAttribute('fill', 'yellow');\r\n svg.appendChild(node1); svg.appendChild(node2);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\r\n if (I1 !== 0) {\r\n const flowPath = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('d', 'M 50 250 L 50 50 L 200 50 L 200 150 L 200 250 L 50 250');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('stroke', '#60a5fa'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4'); flowPath.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8'); flowPath.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(flowPath);\r\n }\r\n if (I2 !== 0) {\r\n const flowPath = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('d', 'M 350 250 L 350 50 L 200 50 L 200 150 L 200 250 L 350 250');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4'); flowPath.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8'); flowPath.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(flowPath);\r\n }\r\n if (I3 !== 0) {\r\n const flowPath = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('d', 'M 200 50 L 200 250');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('stroke', 'white'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4'); flowPath.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8'); flowPath.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(flowPath);\r\n }\r\n container.appendChild(svg);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function createBatterySVG(x, y, value, label) {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '15'); text.setAttribute('y', '45'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${value}V`;\r\n g.appendChild(line1); g.appendChild(line2); g.appendChild(line3); g.appendChild(line4); g.appendChild(text);\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${x}, ${y})`);\r\n return g;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function createResistorSVG(x, y, color, label, current, hasCurrent, horizontal = true) {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${x}, ${y})`);\r\n let path;\r\n if (horizontal) {\r\n path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n } else {\r\n path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n }\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke', color); path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); path.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); path.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');\r\n const textLabel = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n textLabel.setAttribute('x', horizontal ? '25' : '-15'); textLabel.setAttribute('y', horizontal ? '-20' : '25'); textLabel.setAttribute('fill', color); textLabel.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); textLabel.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n textLabel.textContent = label;\r\n g.appendChild(path); g.appendChild(textLabel);\r\n if (hasCurrent && current !== 0) {\r\n const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n iText.setAttribute('x', horizontal ? '25' : '-15'); iText.setAttribute('y', horizontal ? '30' : '50'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n iText.textContent = `I = ${Math.abs(current).toFixed(2)}A`;\r\n g.appendChild(iText);\r\n }\r\n return g;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateKirchhoff() {\r\n V1 = parseInt(document.getElementById('v1-slider').value);\r\n V2 = parseInt(document.getElementById('v2-slider').value);\r\n R1 = parseInt(document.getElementById('r1-slider2').value);\r\n R2 = parseInt(document.getElementById('r2-slider2').value);\r\n R3 = parseInt(document.getElementById('r3-slider2').value);\r\n document.getElementById('v1-val').innerText = V1 + ' \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a';\r\n document.getElementById('v2-val').innerText = V2 + ' \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a';\r\n document.getElementById('r1-val2').innerText = R1 + ' \u0623\u0648\u0645';\r\n document.getElementById('r2-val2').innerText = R2 + ' \u0623\u0648\u0645';\r\n document.getElementById('r3-val2').innerText = R3 + ' \u0623\u0648\u0645';\r\n const { I1, I2, I3 } = computeKirchhoff();\r\n document.getElementById('i1-val').innerHTML = I1.toFixed(3) + ' A';\r\n document.getElementById('i2-val').innerHTML = I2.toFixed(3) + ' A';\r\n document.getElementById('i3-val').innerHTML = I3.toFixed(3) + ' A';\r\n document.getElementById('i1-dir').innerHTML = I1 > 0 ? '\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 + \u0644\u0640 V\u2081)' : (I1 < 0 ? '\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a' : '\u0635\u0641\u0631');\r\n document.getElementById('i2-dir').innerHTML = I2 > 0 ? '\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 + \u0644\u0640 V\u2082)' : (I2 < 0 ? '\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a' : '\u0635\u0641\u0631');\r\n document.getElementById('i3-dir').innerHTML = I3 > 0 ? '\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 (\u0639\u0628\u0631 R\u2083)' : (I3 < 0 ? '\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0639\u0628\u0631 R\u2083)' : '\u0635\u0641\u0631');\r\n drawKirchhoff(I1, I2, I3);\r\n }\r\n\r\n document.getElementById('v1-slider').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('v2-slider').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('r1-slider2').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('r2-slider2').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('r3-slider2').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n updateKirchhoff();\r\n })();\r\n <\/script>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18749","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18749"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18750,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18749\/revisions\/18750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 - \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/title>\r\n <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tailwindcss.com\"><\/script>\r\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Cairo:wght@300;400;500;600;700;800&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n <style>\r\n body {\r\n background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #312e81, #5b21b6);\r\n font-family: 'Cairo', sans-serif;\r\n color: #f1f5f9;\r\n min-height: 100vh;\r\n padding: 2rem;\r\n }\r\n .content-container {\r\n max-width: 96rem; \/* \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 96rem *\/\r\n margin: 0 auto;\r\n background-color: rgba(30, 27, 75, 0.6);\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(12px);\r\n border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);\r\n border-radius: 1rem;\r\n padding: 2rem;\r\n box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);\r\n }\r\n ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 8px; }\r\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: #1e1b4b; }\r\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #4f46e5; border-radius: 4px; }\r\n .simulation-container {\r\n margin: 2rem 0;\r\n padding: 1.5rem;\r\n background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);\r\n border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);\r\n border-radius: 0.75rem;\r\n }\r\n input[type=\"range\"] {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n background: #1e293b;\r\n height: 4px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n }\r\n input[type=\"range\"]:focus {\r\n outline: none;\r\n }\r\n input[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 16px;\r\n height: 16px;\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n background: #f59e0b;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: none;\r\n }\r\n button {\r\n transition: all 0.2s ease;\r\n }\r\n .btn-primary {\r\n background-color: #4f46e5;\r\n }\r\n .btn-primary:hover {\r\n background-color: #6366f1;\r\n }\r\n canvas, svg {\r\n display: block;\r\n margin: 0 auto;\r\n border-radius: 0.75rem;\r\n }\r\n @keyframes dash {\r\n to { stroke-dashoffset: -14; }\r\n }\r\n .animated-dash {\r\n animation: dash 1s linear infinite;\r\n }\r\n .wire-flow {\r\n stroke-dasharray: 4 8;\r\n animation: flow 1s linear infinite;\r\n }\r\n @keyframes flow {\r\n 0% { stroke-dashoffset: 12; }\r\n 100% { stroke-dashoffset: 0; }\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <div class=\"content-container\">\r\n \r\n <div style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1); padding-bottom: 1rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h1 class=\"text-3xl font-bold text-white mb-2\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h1>\r\n <p class=\"text-indigo-300\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2); padding: 0.5rem 1rem; border-radius: 9999px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-end;\">\r\n <span style=\"font-size: 0.625rem; color: #a5b4fc; line-height: 1;\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/span>\r\n <span style=\"font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: bold; color: white; line-height: 1;\">\u0623. \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0637\u0631<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 2rem; height: 2rem; border-radius: 9999px; background-color: rgba(79, 70, 229, 0.2); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\r\n <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke=\"currentColor\" style=\"width: 1.25rem; height: 1.25rem; color: #a5b4fc;\">\r\n <path stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M4.26 10.147a60.436 60.436 0 00-.491 6.347A48.627 48.627 0 0112 20.904a48.627 48.627 0 018.232-4.41 60.46 60.46 0 00-.491-6.347m-15.482 0a50.57 50.57 0 00-2.658-.813A59.905 59.905 0 0112 3.493a59.902 59.902 0 0110.399 5.84c-.896.248-1.783.52-2.658.814m-15.482 0l-3.32-2.217A59.902 59.902 0 0112 3.493a59.902 59.902 0 0110.399 5.84l-3.32 2.217m-1.488-3.322a48.627 48.627 0 01-8.232 4.41\" \/>\r\n <\/svg>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"mt-4 w-full\">\r\n <audio controls class=\"w-full h-10\">\r\n <source src=\"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633_\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b__\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a_\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627_\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641_audio.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\r\n <source src=\"audio\/lesson_gas_state.ogg\" type=\"audio\/ogg\">\r\n \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633_\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b__\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a_\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627_\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641_audio.mp3\" class=\"text-indigo-300 underline\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a<\/a>.\r\n <\/audio>\r\n <span class=\"text-xs text-indigo-300\">\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 (\u0635\u0648\u062a)<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div dir=\"rtl\" class=\"font-sans text-slate-100 space-y-12 leading-relaxed mx-auto pb-20\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\">\r\n \r\n <header class=\"bg-gradient-to-br from-indigo-900 to-slate-900 border border-indigo-700\/50 rounded-3xl p-8 shadow-2xl relative overflow-hidden\">\r\n <div class=\"absolute top-0 right-0 w-full h-full opacity-10\" style=\"background-image: radial-gradient(circle at center, #6366f1 1px, transparent 1px); background-size: 20px 20px;\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"relative z-10\">\r\n <h2 class=\"text-3xl md:text-4xl font-extrabold text-transparent bg-clip-text bg-gradient-to-r from-amber-400 to-yellow-200 mb-4\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h2>\r\n <p class=\"text-lg text-indigo-200\/80 font-light italic\">Combining Resistors and Kirchhoff\u2019s Rules<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/header>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/50 p-6 rounded-2xl border-r-4 border-amber-500 shadow-lg\">\r\n <p class=\"text-slate-300 leading-relaxed text-lg\"><strong class=\"text-amber-400\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 (\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u064f\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629) \u0641\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629) \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-2 border-b-2 border-blue-500\/30 pb-2\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-blue-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (Combining Resistors)<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><h4 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-cyan-300 mb-2\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a (Series Connection)<\/h4>\r\n <ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 space-y-2 text-l leading-relaxed\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 I:<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li><li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a V<sub>T<\/sub>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a: <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 inline-block px-1\" dir=\"ltr\">V<sub>T<\/sub> = V<sub>1<\/sub> + V<sub>2<\/sub> + V<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (R<sub>eq<\/sub>):<\/strong><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center my-2 font-mono text-emerald-300 text-lg border border-white\/5\" dir=\"ltr\">R<sub>eq<\/sub> = R<sub>1<\/sub> + R<sub>2<\/sub> + R<sub>3<\/sub> + ...<\/div><span class=\"text-l text-slate-400 block mt-1\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0628:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629) \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"bg-indigo-900\/30 p-4 rounded-xl border border-indigo-500\/20 mt-4\"><strong class=\"text-indigo-300 block mb-2 text-l\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 9 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635 162):<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-400 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200\">R<sub>1<\/sub>=3\u03a9, R<sub>2<\/sub>=3\u03a9, R<sub>3<\/sub>=6\u03a9<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5=6V<\/span> (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0644\u0629):<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 3 + 3 + 6 = 12 \u03a9<\/div><div>I = \u03b5 \/ R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6 \/ 12 = 0.5 A<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><h4 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-emerald-300 mb-2\">2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a (Parallel Connection)<\/h4>\r\n <ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 space-y-2 text-l leading-relaxed\"><li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f V<sub>T<\/sub>:<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a I<sub>T<\/sub>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629: <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 inline-block px-1\" dir=\"ltr\">I<sub>T<\/sub> = I<sub>1<\/sub> + I<sub>2<\/sub> + I<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (R<sub>eq<\/sub>):<\/strong><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center my-2 font-mono text-cyan-300 text-lg border border-white\/5\" dir=\"ltr\">1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 1\/R<sub>1<\/sub> + 1\/R<sub>2<\/sub> + 1\/R<sub>3<\/sub> + ...<\/div><span class=\"text-l text-slate-400 block mt-1\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"bg-indigo-900\/30 p-4 rounded-xl border border-indigo-500\/20 mt-4\"><strong class=\"text-indigo-300 block mb-2 text-l\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 10 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635 164):<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-400 mb-2\">\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-emerald-200\">3\u03a9, 3\u03a9, 6\u03a9<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5=6V<\/span>:<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 1\/3 + 1\/3 + 1\/6<\/div><div>1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 2\/6 + 2\/6 + 1\/6 = 5\/6 \u03a9\u207b\u00b9<\/div><div>R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6\/5 = 1.2 \u03a9<\/div><div class=\"mt-2\">I = \u03b5 \/ R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6 \/ 1.2 = 5 A<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 mt-6\"><h4 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-amber-300 mb-4\">3. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (Mixed Series-Parallel)<\/h4><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l mb-4\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629: \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\r\n <div class=\"bg-black\/20 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\/50 mb-6\"><strong class=\"text-amber-200 block mb-2 text-l\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 11 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635 164-165):<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200\">R<sub>1<\/sub>=4\u03a9, R<sub>2<\/sub>=6\u03a9, R<sub>3<\/sub>=4\u03a9<\/span> \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5=16V<\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 R<sub>1<\/sub> \u0648 R<sub>3<\/sub> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a:<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-emerald-200 space-y-1 bg-black\/40 p-3 rounded-lg mb-3\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>1\/R<sub>13<\/sub> = 1\/4 + 1\/4 = 2\/4 = 1\/2<\/div><div>R<sub>13<\/sub> = 2 \u03a9<\/div><\/div><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 R<sub>2<\/sub>=6\u03a9 \u0645\u0639 R<sub>13<\/sub>=2\u03a9 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 space-y-1 bg-black\/40 p-3 rounded-lg\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>R<sub>eq<\/sub> = 6 + 2 = 8 \u03a9<\/div><div>I = 16 \/ 8 = 2 A<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n \r\n \r\n <div class=\"simulation-container\" id=\"resistors-sim\" style=\"min-height: 500px;\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6 mt-12\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-2 border-b-2 border-purple-500\/30 pb-2\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-purple-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 (Kirchhoff\u2019s Rules)<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><p class=\"text-slate-300 leading-relaxed mb-6\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\r\n <div class=\"bg-purple-900\/20 p-5 rounded-xl border border-purple-500\/20 mb-6\"><h4 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-purple-300 mb-2\">1. \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 - Junction Rule)<\/h4><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l mb-3\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 (\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629) \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center font-mono text-emerald-300 text-lg border border-white\/5 mb-3\" dir=\"ltr\">\u03a3I = 0 <span class=\"text-l text-slate-400 mx-2\">or<\/span> \u03a3I<sub>in<\/sub> = \u03a3I<sub>out<\/sub><\/div><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 text-l space-y-1\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629).<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"bg-pink-900\/20 p-5 rounded-xl border border-pink-500\/20\"><h4 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-pink-300 mb-2\">2. \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 - Loop Rule)<\/h4><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l mb-3\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 (\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p><div class=\"bg-black\/30 p-3 rounded-lg text-center font-mono text-amber-300 text-lg border border-white\/5 mb-3\" dir=\"ltr\">\u03a3\u0394V = 0<\/div><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-300 text-l space-y-1 mb-4\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"bg-black\/40 p-4 rounded-xl border border-white\/10\"><h5 class=\"font-bold text-white mb-3\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b):<\/h5><div class=\"overflow-x-auto\"><table class=\"w-full text-l text-right text-slate-300\"><thead class=\"text-l text-slate-400 bg-slate-800 uppercase border-b border-slate-700\"><tr><th class=\"px-4 py-3 rounded-r-lg\">\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th><th class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/th><th class=\"px-4 py-3 rounded-l-lg\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0394V<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-800\/50\"><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 R<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 I<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-rose-400\" dir=\"ltr\">- IR<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-800\/50\"><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 R<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 I<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-emerald-400\" dir=\"ltr\">+ IR<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-800\/50\"><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u03b5<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0645\u0639 \u03b5)<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-emerald-400\" dir=\"ltr\">+ \u03b5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-medium text-white\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u03b5<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u03b5)<\/td><td class=\"px-4 py-3 font-mono text-rose-400\" dir=\"ltr\">- \u03b5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"simulation-container\" id=\"kirchhoff-sim\" style=\"min-height: 500px;\"><\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6 mt-8\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-2 border-b-2 border-rose-500\/30 pb-2\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-rose-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6\"><div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-5 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><strong class=\"text-rose-300 block border-b border-white\/5 pb-2\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 14 (\u0635 168): \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200 text-l\">\u03b5<sub>1<\/sub>=12V, \u03b5<sub>2<\/sub>=8V<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200 text-l\">R<sub>1<\/sub>=8\u03a9, R<sub>2<\/sub>=1\u03a9<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200 text-l\">r=0.5\u03a9<\/span>.<\/p><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-400 text-l space-y-2 mb-3\"><li>\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b I \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 <span class=\"font-serif italic text-amber-200\">\u03b5<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631).<\/li><li>\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647).<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"font-mono text-l text-pink-200 bg-black\/40 p-3 rounded-lg space-y-2\" dir=\"ltr\"><div>+\u03b5<sub>1<\/sub> - Ir<sub>1<\/sub> - IR<sub>2<\/sub> - \u03b5<sub>2<\/sub> - Ir<sub>2<\/sub> - IR<sub>1<\/sub> = 0<\/div><div class=\"text-slate-400 text-l\">12 - 8 - I(0.5 + 1 + 0.5 + 8) = 0<\/div><div>4 - 10I = 0 \u21d2 I = 0.4 A<\/div><\/div><p class=\"text-l text-emerald-400 mt-2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/30 p-5 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><strong class=\"text-rose-300 block border-b border-white\/5 pb-2\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 16 (\u0635 169): \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0631\u0649 (\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><p class=\"text-l text-slate-300 mb-2\">\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 <span class=\"font-mono text-cyan-200 text-l\">r<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>.<\/p><ul class=\"list-disc list-inside text-slate-400 text-l space-y-2 mb-3\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-200 inline-block px-1\" dir=\"ltr\">I<sub>1<\/sub> = I<sub>2<\/sub> + I<sub>3<\/sub><\/span><\/li><li>\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-200\">I<sub>2<\/sub> = -3 A<\/span> (\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636).<\/li><li>\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c <span class=\"font-mono text-pink-200\">r<sub>3<\/sub> = 1 \u03a9<\/span>.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-3\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-emerald-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-800\/50 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-white\/5 space-y-4\"><ul class=\"list-disc border-r-2 border-emerald-500\/20 pr-4 space-y-3 leading-relaxed text-l text-slate-300\"><li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (<span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 text-l\" dir=\"ltr\">R<sub>eq<\/sub> = \u03a3R<\/span>). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (<span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 text-l\" dir=\"ltr\">1\/R<sub>eq<\/sub> = \u03a3(1\/R)<\/span>).<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641:<\/strong> \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629).<ul class=\"list-disc pr-6 mt-2 space-y-2 text-slate-400 text-l\"><li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 (\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629).<\/li><li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 (\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n\r\n \r\n <section class=\"space-y-6\"><h3 class=\"text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-3\"><span class=\"w-3 h-8 bg-amber-500 rounded-full inline-block\"><\/span>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"bg-gradient-to-br from-amber-500\/10 to-orange-500\/5 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-amber-500\/20 space-y-4\"><ul class=\"list-none space-y-3\"><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064e \u062c\u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (<span class=\"font-mono text-pink-300 text-l\" dir=\"ltr\">\u03a3R = R<sub>eq<\/sub> + \u03a3r<\/span>).<\/p><\/li><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641\u060c <strong>\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/strong> \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629! \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"flex items-start gap-3\"><span class=\"text-amber-400 text-lg mt-0.5\"><\/span><p class=\"text-slate-300 text-l leading-relaxed\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u061b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n <\/section>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <script>\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n \/\/ 1. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (Combining Resistors Simulation)\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n (function() {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('resistors-sim');\r\n if (!container) return;\r\n\r\n const wrapper = document.createElement('div');\r\n wrapper.className = 'w-full bg-slate-900 rounded-2xl p-4 md:p-6 shadow-xl border border-slate-700\/50 flex flex-col items-center select-none my-6';\r\n wrapper.setAttribute('dir', 'rtl');\r\n wrapper.innerHTML = `\r\n <h3 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-white mb-6 border-b border-white\/10 pb-2 w-full text-center\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"flex w-full max-w-lg mb-6 bg-slate-800 p-1 rounded-lg\">\r\n <button id=\"mode-series\" class=\"flex-1 py-2 text-l font-bold rounded-md transition-all bg-cyan-600 text-white shadow-md\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/button>\r\n <button id=\"mode-parallel\" class=\"flex-1 py-2 text-l font-bold rounded-md transition-all text-slate-400 hover:text-white\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/button>\r\n <button id=\"mode-mixed\" class=\"flex-1 py-2 text-l font-bold rounded-md transition-all text-slate-400 hover:text-white\">\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 (\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a)<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row w-full gap-6\">\r\n <div class=\"w-full lg:w-1\/3 bg-slate-800\/50 p-5 rounded-xl border border-slate-700 space-y-4\">\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (V)<\/span><span id=\"voltage-val\" class=\"font-mono text-amber-300\">16 V<\/span><\/div><input id=\"voltage-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"24\" step=\"1\" value=\"16\" class=\"w-full accent-amber-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (R1)<\/span><span id=\"r1-val\" class=\"font-mono text-pink-300\">6 \u03a9<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r1-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"6\" class=\"w-full accent-pink-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (R2)<\/span><span id=\"r2-val\" class=\"font-mono text-indigo-300\">4 \u03a9<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r2-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" class=\"w-full accent-indigo-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (R3)<\/span><span id=\"r3-val\" class=\"font-mono text-cyan-300\">4 \u03a9<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r3-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" class=\"w-full accent-cyan-500\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"pt-4 border-t border-slate-700 flex justify-center\"><button id=\"toggle-switch\" class=\"w-full py-2 rounded-xl font-bold transition-all duration-300 shadow-lg border flex items-center justify-center gap-2 bg-emerald-500\/20 text-emerald-400 border-emerald-500\/50 hover:bg-emerald-500\/30\">\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/button><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"w-full lg:w-2\/3 flex flex-col gap-6\">\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-950 p-6 rounded-xl border border-slate-800 flex items-center justify-center relative min-h-[300px] overflow-hidden\" id=\"circuit-svg-container\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-4\">\r\n <div class=\"md:col-span-2 bg-slate-800\/80 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700 text-center\"><h5 class=\"text-l font-bold text-slate-400 mb-1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (Req)<\/h5><div id=\"req-val\" class=\"text-2xl font-mono text-emerald-400\">6.00 \u03a9<\/div><div id=\"req-formula\" class=\"text-l text-slate-500 mt-2 font-mono\">Req = R1 + R2 + R3<\/div><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"md:col-span-2 bg-slate-800\/80 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700 text-center\"><h5 class=\"text-l font-bold text-slate-400 mb-1\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (I)<\/h5><div id=\"curr-val\" class=\"text-2xl font-mono text-cyan-400\">2.00 A<\/div><div id=\"curr-formula\" class=\"text-l text-slate-500 mt-2 font-mono\">I = V \/ Req<\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n `;\r\n container.appendChild(wrapper);\r\n\r\n let mode = 'series'; \/\/ 'series', 'parallel', 'mixed'\r\n let voltage = 16, r1 = 6, r2 = 4, r3 = 4;\r\n let isOn = true;\r\n\r\n function compute() {\r\n let req = 0, totalCurrent = 0;\r\n let i1 = 0, i2 = 0, i3 = 0;\r\n let v1 = 0, v2 = 0, v3 = 0;\r\n if (mode === 'series') {\r\n req = r1 + r2 + r3;\r\n totalCurrent = isOn ? voltage \/ req : 0;\r\n i1 = i2 = i3 = totalCurrent;\r\n v1 = i1 * r1; v2 = i2 * r2; v3 = i3 * r3;\r\n } else if (mode === 'parallel') {\r\n const invReq = (1 \/ r1) + (1 \/ r2) + (1 \/ r3);\r\n req = 1 \/ invReq;\r\n totalCurrent = isOn ? voltage \/ req : 0;\r\n v1 = v2 = v3 = isOn ? voltage : 0;\r\n i1 = isOn ? voltage \/ r1 : 0;\r\n i2 = isOn ? voltage \/ r2 : 0;\r\n i3 = isOn ? voltage \/ r3 : 0;\r\n } else { \/\/ mixed: R1 in series with (R2 || R3)\r\n const r23 = (r2 * r3) \/ (r2 + r3);\r\n req = r1 + r23;\r\n totalCurrent = isOn ? voltage \/ req : 0;\r\n i1 = totalCurrent;\r\n v1 = i1 * r1;\r\n v2 = v3 = isOn ? (totalCurrent * r23) : 0;\r\n i2 = isOn ? v2 \/ r2 : 0;\r\n i3 = isOn ? v3 \/ r3 : 0;\r\n }\r\n return { req, totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3 };\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateUI() {\r\n document.getElementById('voltage-val').innerText = voltage + ' V';\r\n document.getElementById('r1-val').innerText = r1 + ' \u03a9';\r\n document.getElementById('r2-val').innerText = r2 + ' \u03a9';\r\n document.getElementById('r3-val').innerText = r3 + ' \u03a9';\r\n const { req, totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3 } = compute();\r\n document.getElementById('req-val').innerHTML = req.toFixed(2) + ' \u03a9';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-val').innerHTML = totalCurrent.toFixed(2) + ' A';\r\n if (mode === 'series') {\r\n document.getElementById('req-formula').innerHTML = 'Req = R1 + R2 + R3';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-formula').innerHTML = 'I = V \/ Req';\r\n } else if (mode === 'parallel') {\r\n document.getElementById('req-formula').innerHTML = '1\/Req = 1\/R1 + 1\/R2 + 1\/R3';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-formula').innerHTML = 'I = V \/ Req';\r\n } else {\r\n document.getElementById('req-formula').innerHTML = 'Req = R1 + (R2||R3)';\r\n document.getElementById('curr-formula').innerHTML = 'I = V \/ Req';\r\n }\r\n drawCircuit(totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawCircuit(totalCurrent, i1, i2, i3, v1, v2, v3) {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('circuit-svg-container');\r\n container.innerHTML = '';\r\n let svg;\r\n if (mode === 'series') {\r\n svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 400 200');\r\n svg.classList.add('w-full', 'h-48', 'max-w-md');\r\n svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\r\n const paths = [\r\n 'M 50,150 L 50,50 L 100,50',\r\n 'M 150,50 L 200,50',\r\n 'M 250,50 L 300,50',\r\n 'M 350,50 L 350,150 L 230,150',\r\n 'M 170,150 L 50,150'\r\n ];\r\n paths.forEach(d => { const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path'); path.setAttribute('d', d); svg.appendChild(path); });\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\r\n const battG = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n battG.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(180, 135)');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '15'); text.setAttribute('y', '45'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${voltage}V`;\r\n battG.appendChild(line1); battG.appendChild(line2); battG.appendChild(line3); battG.appendChild(line4); battG.appendChild(text);\r\n svg.appendChild(battG);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\r\n const resistors = [\r\n { x: 100, y: 50, color: '#f472b6', label: `R1 = ${r1}\u03a9`, v: v1, i: totalCurrent },\r\n { x: 200, y: 50, color: '#818cf8', label: `R2 = ${r2}\u03a9`, v: v2, i: totalCurrent },\r\n { x: 300, y: 50, color: '#22d3ee', label: `R3 = ${r3}\u03a9`, v: v3, i: totalCurrent }\r\n ];\r\n resistors.forEach(res => {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${res.x}, ${res.y})`);\r\n const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke', res.color);\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');\r\n path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const textLabel = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n textLabel.setAttribute('x', '25'); textLabel.setAttribute('y', '-20'); textLabel.setAttribute('fill', res.color); textLabel.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); textLabel.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n textLabel.textContent = res.label;\r\n g.appendChild(path); g.appendChild(textLabel);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const vText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n vText.setAttribute('x', '25'); vText.setAttribute('y', '30'); vText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); vText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); vText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n vText.textContent = `V = ${res.v.toFixed(1)}V`;\r\n g.appendChild(vText);\r\n }\r\n svg.appendChild(g);\r\n });\r\n \/\/ \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const wirePaths = [\r\n 'M 170,150 L 50,150 L 50,50 L 100,50',\r\n 'M 150,50 L 200,50',\r\n 'M 250,50 L 300,50',\r\n 'M 350,50 L 350,150 L 230,150'\r\n ];\r\n wirePaths.forEach(d => {\r\n const wire = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n wire.setAttribute('d', d);\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke', '#fbbf24');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n wire.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8');\r\n wire.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(wire);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n } \r\n else if (mode === 'parallel') {\r\n svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 400 240');\r\n svg.classList.add('w-full', 'h-56', 'max-w-md');\r\n svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n const paths = [\r\n 'M 100,50 L 100,190',\r\n 'M 100,190 L 170,190',\r\n 'M 300,50 L 300,190',\r\n 'M 230,190 L 300,190'\r\n ];\r\n paths.forEach(d => { const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path'); path.setAttribute('d', d); svg.appendChild(path); });\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\r\n const battG = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n battG.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(180, 175)');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '15'); text.setAttribute('y', '45'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${voltage}V`;\r\n battG.appendChild(line1); battG.appendChild(line2); battG.appendChild(line3); battG.appendChild(line4); battG.appendChild(text);\r\n svg.appendChild(battG);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\r\n const resistors = [\r\n { x: 175, y: 50, color: '#f472b6', label: `R1 = ${r1}\u03a9`, i: i1 },\r\n { x: 175, y: 100, color: '#818cf8', label: `R2 = ${r2}\u03a9`, i: i2 },\r\n { x: 175, y: 150, color: '#22d3ee', label: `R3 = ${r3}\u03a9`, i: i3 }\r\n ];\r\n resistors.forEach(res => {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${res.x}, ${res.y})`);\r\n const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M -75,0 L 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0 L 125,0');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke', res.color);\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');\r\n path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const textLabel = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n textLabel.setAttribute('x', '25'); textLabel.setAttribute('y', '-20'); textLabel.setAttribute('fill', res.color); textLabel.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); textLabel.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n textLabel.textContent = res.label;\r\n g.appendChild(path); g.appendChild(textLabel);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n iText.setAttribute('x', '25'); iText.setAttribute('y', '25'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n iText.textContent = `I = ${res.i.toFixed(2)}A`;\r\n g.appendChild(iText);\r\n }\r\n svg.appendChild(g);\r\n });\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const wirePaths = [\r\n 'M 170,190 L 100,190 L 100,150',\r\n 'M 100,150 L 175,150',\r\n 'M 100,150 L 100,100',\r\n 'M 100,100 L 175,100',\r\n 'M 100,100 L 100,50 L 175,50',\r\n 'M 225,50 L 300,50 L 300,100',\r\n 'M 225,100 L 300,100',\r\n 'M 300,100 L 300,150',\r\n 'M 225,150 L 300,150',\r\n 'M 300,150 L 300,190 L 230,190'\r\n ];\r\n wirePaths.forEach(d => {\r\n const wire = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n wire.setAttribute('d', d);\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke', '#fbbf24');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n wire.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8');\r\n wire.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(wire);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n else { \/\/ mixed\r\n svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 450 250');\r\n svg.classList.add('w-full', 'h-64', 'max-w-md');\r\n svg.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke', '#64748b');\r\n svg.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3');\r\n const paths = [\r\n 'M 50,200 L 50,100 L 100,100',\r\n 'M 150,100 L 200,100',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,50 L 250,50',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,150 L 250,150',\r\n 'M 300,50 L 350,50 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 300,150 L 350,150 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 350,100 L 400,100 L 400,200 L 280,200',\r\n 'M 220,200 L 50,200'\r\n ];\r\n paths.forEach(d => { const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path'); path.setAttribute('d', d); svg.appendChild(path); });\r\n \/\/ nodes\r\n const nodeA = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle'); nodeA.setAttribute('cx', '200'); nodeA.setAttribute('cy', '100'); nodeA.setAttribute('r', '5'); nodeA.setAttribute('fill', '#94a3b8');\r\n const nodeB = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle'); nodeB.setAttribute('cx', '350'); nodeB.setAttribute('cy', '100'); nodeB.setAttribute('r', '5'); nodeB.setAttribute('fill', '#94a3b8');\r\n svg.appendChild(nodeA); svg.appendChild(nodeB);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\r\n const battG = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n battG.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(230, 185)');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '15'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '15'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '45'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '45'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '22'); text.setAttribute('y', '50'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '14'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${voltage}V`;\r\n battG.appendChild(line1); battG.appendChild(line2); battG.appendChild(line3); battG.appendChild(line4); battG.appendChild(text);\r\n svg.appendChild(battG);\r\n \/\/ R1\r\n const r1g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n r1g.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(100, 100)');\r\n const r1path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n r1path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n r1path.setAttribute('stroke', '#f472b6'); r1path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); r1path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const r1text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); r1text.setAttribute('x', '25'); r1text.setAttribute('y', '-20'); r1text.setAttribute('fill', '#f472b6'); r1text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); r1text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); r1text.textContent = `R1 = ${r1}\u03a9`;\r\n r1g.appendChild(r1path); r1g.appendChild(r1text);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) { const vText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); vText.setAttribute('x', '25'); vText.setAttribute('y', '30'); vText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); vText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); vText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); vText.textContent = `V1 = ${v1.toFixed(1)}V`; r1g.appendChild(vText); }\r\n svg.appendChild(r1g);\r\n \/\/ R2\r\n const r2g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n r2g.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(250, 50)');\r\n const r2path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n r2path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n r2path.setAttribute('stroke', '#818cf8'); r2path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); r2path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const r2text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); r2text.setAttribute('x', '25'); r2text.setAttribute('y', '-20'); r2text.setAttribute('fill', '#818cf8'); r2text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); r2text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); r2text.textContent = `R2 = ${r2}\u03a9`;\r\n r2g.appendChild(r2path); r2g.appendChild(r2text);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) { const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); iText.setAttribute('x', '25'); iText.setAttribute('y', '30'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); iText.textContent = `I2 = ${i2.toFixed(2)}A`; r2g.appendChild(iText); }\r\n svg.appendChild(r2g);\r\n \/\/ R3\r\n const r3g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n r3g.setAttribute('transform', 'translate(250, 150)');\r\n const r3path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n r3path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n r3path.setAttribute('stroke', '#22d3ee'); r3path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); r3path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n const r3text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); r3text.setAttribute('x', '25'); r3text.setAttribute('y', '-20'); r3text.setAttribute('fill', '#22d3ee'); r3text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); r3text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); r3text.textContent = `R3 = ${r3}\u03a9`;\r\n r3g.appendChild(r3path); r3g.appendChild(r3text);\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) { const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); iText.setAttribute('x', '25'); iText.setAttribute('y', '30'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); iText.textContent = `I3 = ${i3.toFixed(2)}A`; r3g.appendChild(iText); }\r\n svg.appendChild(r3g);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\r\n if (isOn && totalCurrent > 0) {\r\n const wirePaths = [\r\n 'M 220,200 L 50,200 L 50,100 L 100,100',\r\n 'M 150,100 L 200,100',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,50 L 250,50',\r\n 'M 200,100 L 200,150 L 250,150',\r\n 'M 300,50 L 350,50 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 300,150 L 350,150 L 350,100',\r\n 'M 350,100 L 400,100 L 400,200 L 280,200'\r\n ];\r\n wirePaths.forEach(d => {\r\n const wire = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n wire.setAttribute('d', d);\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke', '#fbbf24');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n wire.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n wire.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8');\r\n wire.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(wire);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n container.appendChild(svg);\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/\/ \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\r\n const seriesBtn = document.getElementById('mode-series');\r\n const parallelBtn = document.getElementById('mode-parallel');\r\n const mixedBtn = document.getElementById('mode-mixed');\r\n seriesBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { mode = 'series'; updateActiveButtons('series'); updateUI(); });\r\n parallelBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { mode = 'parallel'; updateActiveButtons('parallel'); updateUI(); });\r\n mixedBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { mode = 'mixed'; updateActiveButtons('mixed'); updateUI(); });\r\n function updateActiveButtons(active) {\r\n [seriesBtn, parallelBtn, mixedBtn].forEach(btn => btn.classList.remove('bg-cyan-600', 'bg-emerald-600', 'bg-purple-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'));\r\n seriesBtn.classList.add('text-slate-400'); parallelBtn.classList.add('text-slate-400'); mixedBtn.classList.add('text-slate-400');\r\n if (active === 'series') { seriesBtn.classList.add('bg-cyan-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'); }\r\n else if (active === 'parallel') { parallelBtn.classList.add('bg-emerald-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'); }\r\n else { mixedBtn.classList.add('bg-purple-600', 'text-white', 'shadow-md'); }\r\n }\r\n document.getElementById('voltage-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { voltage = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n document.getElementById('r1-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { r1 = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n document.getElementById('r2-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { r2 = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n document.getElementById('r3-slider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { r3 = parseInt(e.target.value); updateUI(); });\r\n const toggleBtn = document.getElementById('toggle-switch');\r\n toggleBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {\r\n isOn = !isOn;\r\n if (isOn) { toggleBtn.innerHTML = '\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629'; toggleBtn.classList.remove('bg-rose-500\/20', 'text-rose-400', 'border-rose-500\/50'); toggleBtn.classList.add('bg-emerald-500\/20', 'text-emerald-400', 'border-emerald-500\/50'); }\r\n else { toggleBtn.innerHTML = '\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629'; toggleBtn.classList.remove('bg-emerald-500\/20', 'text-emerald-400', 'border-emerald-500\/50'); toggleBtn.classList.add('bg-rose-500\/20', 'text-rose-400', 'border-rose-500\/50'); }\r\n updateUI();\r\n });\r\n updateUI();\r\n })();\r\n\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n \/\/ 2. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641 (Kirchhoff Simulation)\r\n \/\/ ============================================\r\n (function() {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('kirchhoff-sim');\r\n if (!container) return;\r\n\r\n const wrapper = document.createElement('div');\r\n wrapper.className = 'bg-slate-800 p-6 rounded-2xl border border-slate-700 shadow-xl my-6';\r\n wrapper.setAttribute('dir', 'rtl');\r\n wrapper.innerHTML = `\r\n <h3 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-white mb-4 flex items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"w-6 h-6 rounded-full bg-cyan-500 flex items-center justify-center text-l\">V<\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-2 gap-6\">\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-900 rounded-xl p-4 flex justify-center items-center relative overflow-hidden border border-slate-700\" id=\"kirchhoff-svg-container\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"space-y-6\">\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-900\/50 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\"><h4 class=\"text-cyan-300 font-bold mb-4\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (V)<\/h4><div class=\"space-y-4\"><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>V\u2081 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631)<\/span><span id=\"v1-val\" class=\"font-mono text-cyan-300\">12 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span><\/div><input id=\"v1-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"24\" step=\"1\" value=\"12\" class=\"w-full accent-cyan-500\"><\/div><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span>V\u2082 (\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646)<\/span><span id=\"v2-val\" class=\"font-mono text-cyan-300\">8 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span><\/div><input id=\"v2-slider\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"24\" step=\"1\" value=\"8\" class=\"w-full accent-cyan-500\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"bg-slate-900\/50 p-4 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\"><h4 class=\"text-purple-300 font-bold mb-4\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u03a9)<\/h4><div class=\"space-y-4\"><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span class=\"text-purple-400\">R\u2081 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631)<\/span><span id=\"r1-val2\" class=\"font-mono text-purple-400\">4 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r1-slider2\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" class=\"w-full accent-purple-500\"><\/div><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span class=\"text-emerald-400\">R\u2082 (\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646)<\/span><span id=\"r2-val2\" class=\"font-mono text-emerald-400\">2 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r2-slider2\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"2\" class=\"w-full accent-emerald-500\"><\/div><div><div class=\"flex justify-between text-l text-slate-300 mb-1\"><span class=\"text-pink-400\">R\u2083 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637)<\/span><span id=\"r3-val2\" class=\"font-mono text-pink-400\">6 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/div><input id=\"r3-slider2\" type=\"range\" min=\"1\" max=\"20\" step=\"1\" value=\"6\" class=\"w-full accent-pink-500\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"mt-6 bg-slate-900\/80 p-5 rounded-xl border border-slate-700\"><h4 class=\"font-bold text-white mb-3\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0641):<\/h4><div class=\"overflow-x-auto\"><table class=\"w-full text-l text-center text-slate-300 border-collapse\"><thead><tr class=\"bg-slate-800 border-b border-slate-700\"><th class=\"p-2\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/th><th class=\"p-2\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631)<\/th><th class=\"p-2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-700\/50\"><td class=\"p-2 font-mono text-blue-300\">I\u2081<\/td><td id=\"i1-val\" class=\"p-2\">0.000 A<\/td><td id=\"i1-dir\" class=\"p-2 text-l\">-<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"border-b border-slate-700\/50\"><td class=\"p-2 font-mono text-amber-300\">I\u2082<\/td><td id=\"i2-val\" class=\"p-2\">0.000 A<\/td><td id=\"i2-dir\" class=\"p-2 text-l\">-<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"p-2 font-mono text-white\">I\u2083 = I\u2081 + I\u2082<\/td><td id=\"i3-val\" class=\"p-2\">0.000 A<\/td><td id=\"i3-dir\" class=\"p-2 text-l\">-<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>\r\n `;\r\n container.appendChild(wrapper);\r\n\r\n let V1 = 12, V2 = 8, R1 = 4, R2 = 2, R3 = 6;\r\n\r\n function computeKirchhoff() {\r\n const det = R1 * R2 + R1 * R3 + R2 * R3;\r\n const I1 = (V1 * (R2 + R3) - V2 * R3) \/ det;\r\n const I2 = (V2 * (R1 + R3) - V1 * R3) \/ det;\r\n const I3 = I1 + I2;\r\n return { I1, I2, I3 };\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawKirchhoff(I1, I2, I3) {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('kirchhoff-svg-container');\r\n container.innerHTML = '';\r\n const svg = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'svg');\r\n svg.setAttribute('viewBox', '0 0 400 300');\r\n svg.setAttribute('class', 'w-full max-w-full h-auto');\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\r\n const wires = [\r\n 'M 50 250 L 50 170', 'M 50 130 L 50 50 L 100 50',\r\n 'M 170 50 L 200 50 L 200 110', 'M 200 180 L 200 250 L 50 250',\r\n 'M 350 250 L 350 170', 'M 350 130 L 350 50 L 300 50',\r\n 'M 230 50 L 200 50', 'M 200 250 L 350 250'\r\n ];\r\n wires.forEach(d => {\r\n const path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', d); path.setAttribute('stroke', 'white'); path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2'); path.setAttribute('fill', 'none');\r\n svg.appendChild(path);\r\n });\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\r\n const batt1 = createBatterySVG(50, 150, V1, 'V\u2081');\r\n const batt2 = createBatterySVG(350, 150, V2, 'V\u2082');\r\n svg.appendChild(batt1); svg.appendChild(batt2);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\r\n const res1 = createResistorSVG(100, 50, '#a78bfa', `R\u2081 = ${R1}\u03a9`, I1, I1 !== 0);\r\n const res2 = createResistorSVG(230, 50, '#34d399', `R\u2082 = ${R2}\u03a9`, I2, I2 !== 0);\r\n const res3 = createResistorSVG(200, 110, '#f472b6', `R\u2083 = ${R3}\u03a9`, I3, I3 !== 0, false);\r\n svg.appendChild(res1); svg.appendChild(res2); svg.appendChild(res3);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\r\n const node1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle');\r\n node1.setAttribute('cx', '200'); node1.setAttribute('cy', '50'); node1.setAttribute('r', '4'); node1.setAttribute('fill', 'yellow');\r\n const node2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'circle');\r\n node2.setAttribute('cx', '200'); node2.setAttribute('cy', '250'); node2.setAttribute('r', '4'); node2.setAttribute('fill', 'yellow');\r\n svg.appendChild(node1); svg.appendChild(node2);\r\n \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\r\n if (I1 !== 0) {\r\n const flowPath = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('d', 'M 50 250 L 50 50 L 200 50 L 200 150 L 200 250 L 50 250');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('stroke', '#60a5fa'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4'); flowPath.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8'); flowPath.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(flowPath);\r\n }\r\n if (I2 !== 0) {\r\n const flowPath = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('d', 'M 350 250 L 350 50 L 200 50 L 200 150 L 200 250 L 350 250');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4'); flowPath.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8'); flowPath.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(flowPath);\r\n }\r\n if (I3 !== 0) {\r\n const flowPath = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('d', 'M 200 50 L 200 250');\r\n flowPath.setAttribute('stroke', 'white'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4'); flowPath.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); flowPath.setAttribute('stroke-dasharray', '4 8'); flowPath.classList.add('wire-flow');\r\n svg.appendChild(flowPath);\r\n }\r\n container.appendChild(svg);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function createBatterySVG(x, y, value, label) {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n const line1 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line1.setAttribute('x1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line1.setAttribute('x2', '0'); line1.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line1.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line1.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line2 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line2.setAttribute('x1', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line2.setAttribute('x2', '10'); line2.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line2.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line2.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const line3 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line3.setAttribute('x1', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y1', '0'); line3.setAttribute('x2', '20'); line3.setAttribute('y2', '30'); line3.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line3.setAttribute('stroke-width', '4');\r\n const line4 = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'line'); line4.setAttribute('x1', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y1', '5'); line4.setAttribute('x2', '30'); line4.setAttribute('y2', '25'); line4.setAttribute('stroke', '#fcd34d'); line4.setAttribute('stroke-width', '2');\r\n const text = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text'); text.setAttribute('x', '15'); text.setAttribute('y', '45'); text.setAttribute('fill', '#fcd34d'); text.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); text.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle'); text.textContent = `${value}V`;\r\n g.appendChild(line1); g.appendChild(line2); g.appendChild(line3); g.appendChild(line4); g.appendChild(text);\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${x}, ${y})`);\r\n return g;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function createResistorSVG(x, y, color, label, current, hasCurrent, horizontal = true) {\r\n const g = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'g');\r\n g.setAttribute('transform', `translate(${x}, ${y})`);\r\n let path;\r\n if (horizontal) {\r\n path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n } else {\r\n path = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'path');\r\n path.setAttribute('d', 'M 0,0 L 5,-10 L 15,10 L 25,-10 L 35,10 L 45,-10 L 50,0');\r\n }\r\n path.setAttribute('stroke', color); path.setAttribute('stroke-width', '3'); path.setAttribute('fill', 'none'); path.setAttribute('stroke-linejoin', 'round');\r\n const textLabel = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n textLabel.setAttribute('x', horizontal ? '25' : '-15'); textLabel.setAttribute('y', horizontal ? '-20' : '25'); textLabel.setAttribute('fill', color); textLabel.setAttribute('font-size', '12'); textLabel.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n textLabel.textContent = label;\r\n g.appendChild(path); g.appendChild(textLabel);\r\n if (hasCurrent && current !== 0) {\r\n const iText = document.createElementNS('http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg', 'text');\r\n iText.setAttribute('x', horizontal ? '25' : '-15'); iText.setAttribute('y', horizontal ? '30' : '50'); iText.setAttribute('fill', '#a78bfa'); iText.setAttribute('font-size', '11'); iText.setAttribute('text-anchor', 'middle');\r\n iText.textContent = `I = ${Math.abs(current).toFixed(2)}A`;\r\n g.appendChild(iText);\r\n }\r\n return g;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateKirchhoff() {\r\n V1 = parseInt(document.getElementById('v1-slider').value);\r\n V2 = parseInt(document.getElementById('v2-slider').value);\r\n R1 = parseInt(document.getElementById('r1-slider2').value);\r\n R2 = parseInt(document.getElementById('r2-slider2').value);\r\n R3 = parseInt(document.getElementById('r3-slider2').value);\r\n document.getElementById('v1-val').innerText = V1 + ' \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a';\r\n document.getElementById('v2-val').innerText = V2 + ' \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a';\r\n document.getElementById('r1-val2').innerText = R1 + ' \u0623\u0648\u0645';\r\n document.getElementById('r2-val2').innerText = R2 + ' \u0623\u0648\u0645';\r\n document.getElementById('r3-val2').innerText = R3 + ' \u0623\u0648\u0645';\r\n const { I1, I2, I3 } = computeKirchhoff();\r\n document.getElementById('i1-val').innerHTML = I1.toFixed(3) + ' A';\r\n document.getElementById('i2-val').innerHTML = I2.toFixed(3) + ' A';\r\n document.getElementById('i3-val').innerHTML = I3.toFixed(3) + ' A';\r\n document.getElementById('i1-dir').innerHTML = I1 > 0 ? '\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 + \u0644\u0640 V\u2081)' : (I1 < 0 ? '\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a' : '\u0635\u0641\u0631');\r\n document.getElementById('i2-dir').innerHTML = I2 > 0 ? '\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 + \u0644\u0640 V\u2082)' : (I2 < 0 ? '\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a' : '\u0635\u0641\u0631');\r\n document.getElementById('i3-dir').innerHTML = I3 > 0 ? '\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 (\u0639\u0628\u0631 R\u2083)' : (I3 < 0 ? '\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0639\u0628\u0631 R\u2083)' : '\u0635\u0641\u0631');\r\n drawKirchhoff(I1, I2, I3);\r\n }\r\n\r\n document.getElementById('v1-slider').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('v2-slider').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('r1-slider2').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('r2-slider2').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n document.getElementById('r3-slider2').addEventListener('input', updateKirchhoff);\r\n updateKirchhoff();\r\n })();\r\n <\/script>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18749","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18749"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18750,"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18749\/revisions\/18750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartedujo.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}